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Do You Really Understand 5-Axis Machining?

Five-axis machining, as the name suggests, is a mode of CNC machining. It uses linear interpolation motion of any five coordinates of X, Y, Z, A, B, C. The machine tool used in five-axis machining is usually called a five-axis machine tool or a five-axis machining center. But do you really understand five-axis machining?

 

The development of five-axis technology

 

For decades, it has been widely believed that five-axis CNC machining technology is the only means to process continuous, smooth, and complex surfaces. Once designers and manufacturers encounter problems that cannot be solved in designing and manufacturing complex surfaces, they will seek help from five-axis machining technology.

 

Five-axis linkage CNC is the most difficult and widely used technology in CNC technology. It integrates computer control, high-performance servo drive, and precision machining technology, and is used for efficient, precise, and automated machining of complex surfaces. Internationally, five-axis linkage CNC technology is regarded as a sign of a country’s level of automation in manufacturing equipment. Due to its special status, especially its important impact on aviation, aerospace, and military industry, as well as its technical complexity, developed Western countries have always taken five-axis CNC systems as strategic materials and implemented an export license system. Compared with three-axis linkage CNC machining, the use of five-axis CNC machining for complex surfaces has the following advantages from the perspective of technology and programming:

 

  • Improve machining quality and efficiency;

  • Expand the process range;

  • Meet the new direction of compound development.


The operation and programming skills of five-axis CNC machining are closely related

 

If users add special functions to the machine tool, programming and operation will be more complicated. Only through repeated practice, programming and operation personnel can master the necessary knowledge and skills. The lack of experienced programmers and operators is a major obstacle to the popularization of five-axis CNC technology.

 

Many manufacturers have purchased five-axis CNC machine tools from abroad, but due to insufficient technical training and service, the inherent functions of five-axis CNC machine tools are difficult to achieve, and the utilization rate of machine tools is very low. In many cases, three-axis machine tools are still better.

 

Program verification is particularly important for five-axis CNC

 

In order to improve mechanical processing efficiency, it is urgent to eliminate the traditional "trial-cutting method" verification method. In five-axis CNC machining, program verification work has also become very important because the workpieces processed by five-axis CNC machine tools are usually very expensive, and collisions are a common problem in five-axis CNC machining: the tool enters the workpiece; the tool collides with the workpiece at a very high speed; the tool collides with the machine tool, fixture, and other equipment within the processing range; The moving parts and fixed parts or workpieces on the machine tool collide. In five-axis CNC, collisions are difficult to predict, and the verification program must comprehensively analyze the kinematics and control system of the machine tool.

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